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Managing the black pod disease (Phytophthora palmivora) in cocoa by joint application of cultural and chemical practices

Manejo de la pudrición parda de la mazorca (Phytophthora palmivora) en cacao por aplicación conjunta de prácticas culturales y químicas;
Gestão da podridão parda do milho (Phytophthora palmivora) em cacau por aplicação conjunta de práticas culturais e químicas

dc.creatorRodriguez Polanco, Eleonora
dc.creatorParra Alferes, Edinson Bayardo
dc.creatorBermeo Fuquene, Paula Andrea
dc.creatorSegura Amaya, Jose Dimas
dc.creatorRodríguez Polanco, Luz Astrid
dc.date2021-03-19
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-25T19:26:00Z
dc.date.available2026-03-25T19:26:00Z
dc.identifierhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rfcb/article/view/4887
dc.identifier10.18359/rfcb.4887
dc.identifier.urihttp://test.repositoriodigital.com:8080/handle/123456789/200955
dc.description30% of cocoa production is lost by Phytophthora and in Colombia this is a limiting disease that causes losses of 23% in some regions. In order to determine the efficiency of the removal of diseased fruits and the application of fungicides and a resistance booster against Phytophthora palmivora, two experimental trials with clones susceptible to the disease (CCN51) and four treatments were established during a production cycle: TM (traditional management - occasional removal of diseased fruit), ICM-7, ICM- 14 and ICM-21, which included integrated crop management (ICM) and removal of diseased fruits every seven, fourteen and twenty-one days, respectively. The incidence was determined initially and periodically according to the time of removal of the fruits in each treatment and the diseased fruits were removed from the tree. The field experiment was established under a rcbd with sixteen replicates (trees) per treatment. Statistical analyzes were performed using Anava and the difference between treatments was estimated by Tukey (p ≤ 0.05). The economic analysis was carried out in order to estimate the net variation of each treatment in relation to the TM. In conclusion, the removal of diseased pods constitutes the basis of the management of Phytophthora palmivora in a susceptible clone such as CCN51, by allowing a 43.13% decrease in the incidence in IMC-7 in relation to IMC-2. The additive effect of the application of chemicalmolecules in IMC-14 was insufficient to reduce the production of infective inoculum in the same proportion as the weekly removal of diseased ears, generating losses of COP 369,041 ha-1 in relation to TM . ICM-7 was considered profitable as it generated profits of COP 834 384 ha-1 in relation to TM.
dc.descriptionEl 30 % de la producción de cacao se pierde por Phytophthora y en Colombia esta es una enfermedad limitante que llega a ocasionar pérdidas del 23 % en algunas regiones. Con el objeto de determinar la eficiencia de la remoción de frutas enfermas y la aplicación de fungicidas y un potencializador de resistencia contra Phytophthora palmivora, se establecieron durante un ciclo de producción dos ensayos experimentales con clones susceptibles a la enfermedad (CCN51) y cuatro tratamientos: MT (manejo tradicional-remoción ocasional de fruta enferma), MIC-7, MIC-14 y MIC-21, los cuales incluyeron el manejo integrado del cultivo (MIC) y la remoción de frutos enfermos cada siete, catorce y veintiún días, respectivamente. La incidencia fue determinada inicial y periódicamente de acuerdo con el tiempo de remoción de los frutos en cada tratamiento y los frutos enfermos fueron retirados del árbol. El experimento en campo se estableció bajo un dbca con dieciséis réplicas (árboles) por tratamiento. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron empleando Anava y la diferencia entre tratamientos se estimaó por Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Se realizó el análisis económico con el fin de estimar la variación neta de cada tratamiento con relación al mt. En conclusión, la remoción de mazorcas enfermas constituye la base del manejo de Phytophthora palmivora en un clon susceptible como CCN51, al permitir una disminución del 43,13 % de la incidencia en el MIC-7 con relación al MIC-21. El efecto aditivo de la aplicación de las moléculas químicas en el MIC-14 fue insuficiente para disminuir la producción de inóculo infectivo en la misma proporción que lo hace la remoción semanal de mazorcas enfermas, generando pérdidas de COP 369,041 ha-1 con relación al MT. El MIC-7 se consideró como rentable al generar ganancias de COP 834 384 ha-1 con relación al MT.
dc.descriptionPhytophthora é a causa da perda de 30 % da produção de cacau e, na Colômbia, essa é uma doença limitante que chega a ocasionar perdas de 23 % em algumas regiões. Com o objeto de determinar a eficiência da remoção de frutas doentes e da aplicação de fungicidas e um potencializador de resistência contra Phytophthora palmivora, foram estabelecidos durante um ciclo de produção dois ensaios experimentais com clones suscetíveis à doença (CCN51) e quatro tratamentos: MT (gestão tradicional-remoção ocasional de fruta doente), MIC-7, MIC-14 E MIC-21, os quais incluíram a gestão integrada do cultivo (MIC) e a remoção de frutos doentes a cada 7, 14 e 21 dias, respectivamente. A incidência foi determinada inicial e periodicamente de acordo com o tempo de remoção dos frutos retirados da árvore. A experiência em campo foi estabelecida sob um dbca com 16 réplicas (árvores) por tratamento. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com a utilização Anava e a diferença entre tratamentos foi estimada com a Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Foi realizada a análise econômica a fim de estimar a variação líquida de cada tratamento quanto ao MT. Em conclusão, a remoção de milhos doentes constitui a base da gestão de Phytophthora palmivora em um clone suscetível como CCN51, ao permitir uma diminuição de 43,13 % da incidência no MIC-7 com relação ao MIC-21. O efeito aditivo da aplicação das moléculas químicas no MIC-14 foi insuficiente para diminuir a produção de inóculo ineficaz na mesma proporção que a remoção semanal de milhos doentes faz, gerando perdas de COP 369,041 ha-1 comparado com o MT. O MIC-7 foi considerado como rentável ao gerar lucro de COP 834 384 ha-1 com relação ao MT.
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dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Militar Nueva Granada
dc.relationhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rfcb/article/view/4887/4720
dc.relationhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rfcb/article/view/4887/4738
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dc.rightsDerechos de autor 2021 Revista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas
dc.sourceRevista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2020); 79-94
dc.sourceRevista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas; Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2020); 79-94
dc.source2500-5316
dc.source1900-4699
dc.subjectFungicides
dc.subjectOomycetos
dc.subjectCultural practices
dc.subjectBrown rot
dc.subjectTheobroma Cacao
dc.subjectFungicidas
dc.subjectOomycetos
dc.subjectPrácticas culturales
dc.subjectPudrición parda
dc.subjectTheobroma Cacao
dc.subjectFungicidas
dc.subjectOomycetos
dc.subjectPráticas culturais
dc.subjectPodridão parda
dc.subjectTheobroma Cacao
dc.titleManaging the black pod disease (Phytophthora palmivora) in cocoa by joint application of cultural and chemical practices
dc.titleManejo de la pudrición parda de la mazorca (Phytophthora palmivora) en cacao por aplicación conjunta de prácticas culturales y químicas
dc.titleGestão da podridão parda do milho (Phytophthora palmivora) em cacau por aplicação conjunta de práticas culturais e químicas
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


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